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Most of us are familiar with pufferfish and likely associate them with saltwater and the ocean. However, did you know there's a tiny freshwater version as well? The Pea Puffer is the smallest pufferfish in the world. These tiny fish reach just about one inch in length. Scientifically known as the carinotetraodon travancoricus, but commonly known as the pea puffer. Like any other species, they also have some other names they might be called like the Indian dwarf puffer, Malabar puffer, or pygmy puffer. They originate from the freshwater habitats in southwestern India, however nowadays most pea puffers are bred in captivity.
Pea puffers are one of the most fascinating and unique species you can keep in a freshwater aquarium. They are famous for their helicopter-like movement, expressive eyes, and ability to puff up like a miniature water balloon.
These captivating creatures make a strong impression with striking patterns and vibrant coloration. Their black markings contrast beautifully against a yellowish-gold body, instantly drawing attention.
Pea puffers can inflate themselves, though it’s rare. This puffing up is a defensive behavior where the fish ingests water to appear larger to deter predators. After the threat passes, they return to their normal size. It's crucial not to stress your pet to induce puffing; instead, use a small container to move or transport the fish to keep them submerged in water, preventing accidental air intake.
Pea puffers are carnivores, and to ensure their nutritional needs are met, we recommend feeding them a variety of live foods such as baby brine, daphnia, bladder snails, or scuds. Additionally, we feed our Pea Puffers frozen Bloodworms, which we thaw in tank water and dispense into their habitat using a turkey baster, creating the illusion of live prey. Occasionally, we enhance their diet with small Ramshorn snails, Bladder snails, and Malaysian Trumpet snails.
Pea puffers are territorial, so keeping them requires careful tank planning. A single pea puffer can thrive in a five-gallon aquarium. For multiple puffers, the guideline is five gallons for the first puffer and three gallons for each additional one. Therefore, a 10-gallon tank can house up to three puffers, while a 20-gallon tank can support six to seven, provided the tank is densely planted to minimize aggression. Larger tanks are preferable as they provide more water volume, and give them more space to avoid each other. A ratio of one male to every two or three females can reduce aggression, but sexing juvenile puffers is challenging.
To maintain harmony, ensure the tank has ample plants or hiding places to reduce aggression. Ideally, groups of three or fewer are suitable for a 10-gallon tank, though they can also be kept individually without issues. While some successful cohabitations with Otocinclus catfishhave been observed, it’s generally advised to avoid placing pea puffers in a community setting due to their tendency to nip fins.
